Willis Fletcher Johnson's The History of Cuba, Vol. 1 takes us from the island's early indigenous cultures and its "discovery" by Columbus all the way up to the early 19th century. This isn't a simple timeline. Johnson paints a picture of a land rich in resources, especially sugar, that made it a target from the very beginning.

The Story

The book shows Cuba's transformation under Spanish rule. We see the establishment of Havana as a crucial port for the Spanish treasure fleets, which instantly made it a magnet for pirates and rival empires like Britain. Johnson spends a lot of time on this back-and-forth struggle. He details naval battles, pirate raids, and failed invasions, making it clear that holding Cuba was a constant fight. The narrative then shifts to how the colony developed internally—the rise of the plantation economy, the tragic importation of enslaved people, and the social divisions that began to form. The volume closes as new ideas of independence start to whisper through the island, setting the stage for the revolutions to come.

Why You Should Read It

What makes this book stand out is Johnson's focus on Cuba's strategic importance. He makes you understand why so many outside forces were obsessed with controlling it. You see the geopolitical chess game playing out over centuries. While the writing is of its time (it was published in 1920), his passion is evident. He treats Cuban history as a grand, consequential drama. You come away not just with facts, but with a sense of the immense pressure and opportunity that defined Cuba's first few centuries under the colonial spotlight.

Final Verdict

This is a fantastic starting point for anyone curious about how Cuba became the nation it is today. It's perfect for history buffs who enjoy narratives about colonial empires and maritime rivalry, or for travelers wanting deeper context before a visit. Because it's the first volume, it ends before the major wars for independence, so be ready to continue the story. If you can appreciate a slightly older style of historical writing that focuses on big-picture strategy and key events, you'll find this a compelling and informative read.